TEHRAN/JERUSALEM – Tensions in the Middle East have escalated dramatically with Iran and Israel engaging in direct military confrontations, as both nations signal a willingness to endure a protracted conflict. Amidst this intense exchange, Iran has reportedly readied equipment to target U.S. military bases in the region, anticipating potential American intervention in support of Israel.

 
The escalating conflict reached a new zenith on Wednesday as Iran’s Supreme Leader Ayatollah Ali Khamenei vowed retaliation against Israel, while Israeli Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu threatened a complete reordering of the Middle East's geopolitical landscape.

Khamenei, a pivotal figure in Iran's theocratic system, declared a new phase of confrontation, referencing historical Islamic victories. In a post on X (formerly Twitter) on Wednesday morning (local time), he asserted, "The battle has begun under the noble name of Haidar," adding, "We are returning to Khaybar." Khaybar refers to a Jewish stronghold conquered by Muslim forces in the 7th century, and Haidar is an epithet for Ali, the first Imam of Shia Islam. This message is widely interpreted as a strong declaration of Iran's resolve to resist Israel. Khamenei's post was accompanied by an image of a man with a drawn sword walking into a burning fortress, symbolizing defiance. Later on Wednesday, in a televised address, Khamenei further stated, "The Zionist (Israeli) regime has started a war... They have made a big mistake and error," and "Israel has made a huge mistake and will pay the price."

 
Meanwhile, Prime Minister Netanyahu, in an interview on Tuesday, declared, "You will see a Middle East you have not seen before," expressing his determination to achieve regime change in Iran and fundamentally alter the region's diplomatic landscape. Analysts view these statements as a clear indication that the two nations, which have been in a state of rivalry for 46 years since Iran's 1979 Islamic Revolution, are now headed for a direct showdown.

 
Iran's Hypersonic Missile Claims and Preparations for US Involvement

The direct clashes intensified after President Donald Trump, on Tuesday, reportedly demanded Iran's unconditional surrender. The Iranian Revolutionary Guard Corps (IRGC) announced that it had targeted Israeli airbases. Iran's Mehr News Agency claimed that the attack involved the new Fattah-1 hypersonic missile, capable of speeds up to 6,100 km/h (approximately Mach 5). The Israeli military, for its part, stated that Iran had launched around 30 ballistic missiles toward Israel on Tuesday night. However, the Associated Press reported that "Iran had launched only a few missiles by June 17," and that the number had decreased "after Israel attacked several Iranian launch sites."

Iran is also reportedly preparing for retaliation if the United States supports Israeli attacks on Iran. The U.S. has been increasing its military presence in the Middle East, deploying additional aircraft carriers, fighter jets, and aerial refueling tankers. Citing U.S. officials, the New York Times reported on Tuesday that Iran has prepared military equipment, including missiles, to strike U.S. military bases in the region. There are also concerns that pro-Iranian armed groups could launch attacks on U.S. forces.

 
Israel's Retaliation and Broader Strategic Goals

Netanyahu has also used strong language to threaten Iran. According to The Times of Israel, he referred to Khamenei as a "modern-day Hitler" in a Tuesday interview, stating, "When the war ends, the Arab world will open its doors wider to Israel, and this conflict will ultimately facilitate the expansion of the Abraham Accords." These accords, brokered by the U.S. during the Trump administration in 2020, led to the normalization of diplomatic ties between Israel and several Arab nations, including the UAE, Bahrain, Morocco, and Sudan. This suggests that Israel aims not only to curb Iran's nuclear ambitions but also to limit the religious and political influence of Iran, the "Shiite hegemon."

On Tuesday night, Israel announced it had launched extensive airstrikes on central Iran. The Times of Israel reported that Israel targeted over 50 Iranian aircraft, centrifuges, and weapons production facilities overnight. Casualties are mounting on both sides. According to the Associated Press, at least 224 people have died in Iran and at least 24 in Israel as of Wednesday.

 
War of Attrition and Missile Stockpiles

Analysts suggest that the outcome of the war may depend on which side exhausts its missile stockpiles first. The Washington Post reported that Iran's inventory of medium-range missiles is estimated to be between 700 and 1,300, according to various analytical organizations. The Post, citing an official briefed by the Israeli government, stated, "Without U.S. resupply or expanded intervention, Israel would be able to maintain its missile defenses for another 10 to 12 days if Iran maintains its current pace of attacks." This suggests a critical window for potential external intervention or a significant shift in the conflict's dynamics.

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